Tremor (Pediatric) Etiology
Benign:
Enhanced physiologic tremor; shaking/shuddering spells (although, in some cases, these may be a precursor to essential tremor); spasmus nutans
Static (fixed) injury:
Stroke (particularly in the midbrain or cerebellum); multiple sclerosis
Degenerative:
Juvenile parkinsonism; Wilson's disease; Huntington's disease; Tay-Sachs disease
Chemical/metabolic:
Hyperthyroidism; hyper-adrenaline state (including anxiety or pheochromocytoma); hypomagnesemia; hypocalcemia; hypoglycemia; hepatic encephalopathy
Drug-induced:
Valproate; lithium; thyroid hormone; tricyclic antidepressants; stimulants (e.g., cocaine, amphetamine, caffeine, thyroxine, bronchodilators); neuroleptics; cyclosporine; toluene; mercury; thallium; amiodarone; nicotine; lead; manganese; arsenic; cyanide; naphthalene; ethanol; lindane
Other causes of tremor:
Peripheral neuropathy, cerebellar disease or malformation, psychogenic tremor, familial essential tremor
